Changes from STL

[mxndrwgrdnr]

Following up here from my discussion with @davidniedzielski-tomtom.

Over the course of implementing a version of the OpenLR Python decoder for Streetlight Data, I made some changes that I thought might qualify as improvements, and that I thought might be worth contributing back to the project. All changes should be non-destructive or at least backwards compatible. In general the changes can be grouped into a few categories which I summarize here. From most to least important:

1. postgres map reader and primitives
2. optimize decoder to handle spatial inputs (segments + basemap) stored in equal-area projection
3. new configs
   a) timeout for line decoding (default 50,000 s)
   b) equal-area SRID (default is 9311)
   c) equal-area flag (default is False)
4. object attribute caching and optimization to limit calls to db
5. auto-formatting <-- I can undo these changes if preferred, I had Python Black enabled when I made these changes so it auto-formatted things like line breaks, etc.

I appreciate the fact that the purpose of this repo was NOT for the code to be super performant, but instead simple and readable. While I don't think any of the changes I've proposed here are very complex, they were designed to improve performance rather than readability, so I understand if they are not all deemed to be appropriate for a PR.