Stage updates for 'csintro' - second review

docs/test/courses/csintro/about.md

@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ You can follow him on Twitter at [@dkiang](http://twitter.com/dkiang).
 
 ![Mary Kiang](/static/courses/csintro/mary-kiang-foto.png)
 
-Mary Kiang has been teaching for over twenty-five  years at elementary, middle, and high school levels. She also developed curriculum in the Education Department of the Museum of Science in Boston. She currently teaches 6th grade Math/Science at Punahou School. Mary is a former programmer for Houghton Mifflin and Dun & Bradstreet and holds a Master’s degree in Elementary Education from Simmons College. Mary is the founder of GO Code!, an organization that supports girls and young women in exploring coding and STEM.
+Mary Kiang has been teaching for over twenty-five  years at elementary, middle, and high school levels. She also developed curriculum in the Education Department of the Museum of Science in Boston. She currently teaches 6th grade Math/Science at Punahou School. Mary is a former programmer for Houghton Mifflin and Dun & Bradstreet and holds a Master’s degree in Elementary Education from Simmons College. Mary is the founder of GO Code!, an organization that supports girls and young women in exploring coding and STEM.

docs/test/courses/csintro/accelerometer.md

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+# Accelerometer
+
+![Acceleration Example](/test/static/courses/csintro/accelerometer/highvelocitylowaccel.png)
+
+This unit introduces the accelerometer functionality of the micro:bit. Even if one is unfamiliar with the word “accelerometer,” most people are aware of the function. The micro:bit accelerometer measures how the micro:bit is positioned and moving through space. The unplugged activity has the students sense their own body’s way of knowing its position and movement through space. The birdhouse activity leads the students to use the micro:bit’s accelerometer capabilities to create a program that reminds them to stand up every so often. This unit’s project is to create a “multi-tool” that uses a combination of different sensors using the accelerometer to solve a problem or serve a purpose.
+
+
+## Lesson objectives
+
+You will...
+
+* Understand how to use the Accelerometer blocks to sense the micro:bit’s position and movement in three-dimensional space
+* Understand the x, y, z axes and measurement of gravitational force
+* Apply the above knowledge and skills to design a unique program using the accelerometer
+
+## Lesson structure
+
+* Introduction: Understanding the Accelerometer
+* micro:bit Activity: Marco Polo & Morse Code
+* Project: Radio
+* Assessment: Rubric 
+* Standards: Listed
+
+## Lesson plan
+
+1. [**Overview**: Understanding the Accelerometer](/test/courses/csintro/accelerometer/overview)
+2. [**Activity**: Stand for Health](/test/courses/csintro/accelerometer/activity)
+3. [**Project**: Accelerometer project](/test/courses/csintro/accelerometer/project)
+
+## Related standards
+
+[Targeted CSTA standards](/test/courses/csintro/accelerometer/standards)

docs/test/courses/csintro/accelerometer/activity.md

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+# Coding Activity: Stand for Health!
+
+In our modern world, most of us sit for long stretches of time without ever getting up to stretch our legs. Standing up every so often is good for our physical health.
+
+We will use the micro:bit’s accelerometer to create a program that will let us know if we have been sitting too long.
+
+1. Inside the Variables Toolbox: Create a variable to keep track of how much time has passed since the program started.
+	- Name the variable **TimeStarted**.
+	- Place the newly created ‘**set TimeStarted**’ block inside the ‘**on start**’ block. 
+	- Set the value of this variable to **0 (zero)** each time the program starts.
+
+```block
+let TimeStarted = 0
+```
+
+2. From the Logic toolbox: Get and place an ‘**if…else**’ block inside the ‘**forever**’ block.
+ - From the Logic toolbox: Get and place a **comparison** block into the ‘**true**’ space in the ‘**if**’ line of code.
+ - From the Input Toolbox: Get and place the **acceleration** block into the **left side of the comparison block**.
+ - In the **acceleration** block: Change the default value of ‘x’ to ‘z’.
+ - Set the **comparison** block symbol to ‘**less than**’ (<).
+ - Set the value on the **right-hand side of the comparison block** to **-700**.
+
+```block
+basic.forever(function () {
+    if (input.acceleration(Dimension.Z) < -700) {
+
+    } else {
+
+    }
+})
+
+```
+## Check for Understanding
+
+This line of code tells the micro:bit to forever check the acceleration of the micro:bit and if the value of acceleration is less than -700, do something.
+
+Remember that when the micro:bit is lying flat on a surface with the screen pointing up:
+
+ x is 0, y is 0, z is -1023, and strength is 1023.
+
+If the micro:bit is lying face up and flat, the Z value will be in this negative range. When your program is done, you can experiment with this number value, making it greater or less than the value used here to see how changing the value affects how the micro:bit reacts.
+
+3. From the Basic Toolbox: Get two ‘show leds’ blocks.
+ - Place one ‘show leds’ block under the ‘if’ line of code.
+ - Make an image of a chair in this block to indicate sitting. (Feel free to change it to an image that works for you.)
+ - Place the other ‘show leds’ block under the ‘else’ line of code. 
+ - Make an image of a person standing in this block. (Feel free to change it to an image that works for you.)
+
+```block
+basic.forever(function () {
+    if (input.acceleration(Dimension.Z) < -700) {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            # . . . .
+            # . . . .
+            # # # # .
+            # . . # .
+            # . . # .
+            `)
+    } else {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            . . # . .
+            # # # # #
+            . . # . .
+            . # . # .
+            . # . # .
+            `)
+    }
+})
+
+```
+
+## Check for Understanding
+
+Now our micro:bit will show the chair image if the micro:bit is lying face up and flat, and a person standing image if the position of the micro:bit changes from lying flat and face up.
+
+Now, we will add in the time variable to keep track of how long we have been sitting.
+
+4. From the Logic toolbox: Get and place an ‘**if**’ block directly under the first ‘**show leds**’ block.
+ - From the Logic toolbox: Get and place a **comparison** block into the ‘**true**’ space in this ‘if’ line of code.
+ - From the Math Toolbox: Get and place an **operation** block into the **left side of the comparison block**.
+ - From the Input…more Toolbox: Get and place a ‘**running time(ms)**’ block into the **left side of the math operation block**.
+ - Set the **math operation** to **minus (-)**.
+ - From the Variables Toolbox: Get and place a ‘**TimeStarted**’ block into the **right side of the math operations block**.
+ - Set the **comparison** block symbol to ‘**greater than**’ **(>)**.
+ - Set the value on the **right-hand side of the comparison block** to **10000** (ten seconds).
+
+```block
+basic.forever(function () {
+    if (input.acceleration(Dimension.Z) < -700) {
+        let TimeStarted = 0
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            # . . . .
+            # . . . .
+            # # # # .
+            # . . # .
+            # . . # .
+            `)
+        if (input.runningTime() - TimeStarted > 10000) {
+
+        }
+    } else {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            . . # . .
+            # # # # #
+            . . # . .
+            . # . # .
+            . # . # .
+            `)
+    }
+})
+```
+
+## Check for Understanding
+
+This if statement tells the micro:bit to check the difference between when we started the program and now. If the difference between when the program started and now is greater than 10 seconds, do something.
+
+We will have the micro:bit flash a message to indicate that you have been sitting longer than the desired time. 
+
+NOTE: We’re using 10 seconds here for demonstration and testing purposes. In reality, you would want to set the time somewhere closer to half an hour, which is 1,800,000 milliseconds.
+
+5. From the Loops Toolbox: Get and place a ‘**repeat**’ block under the **if statement** we just created.
+ - From the Basic Toolbox: Get one ‘**show leds**’ block, one ‘**clear screen**’ block, and two ‘**pause**’ blocks.
+ - Place the ‘**show leds**’ block inside the ‘**repeat**’ block.
+ - Create an arrow image or an image of your choosing in this block. This image will flash on the micro:bit screen to alert the user that it’s time to stand up!
+ - Place one of the ‘**pause**’ blocks below this ‘**show leds**’ block.
+ - Place the ‘**clear screen**’ block just below the ‘**pause**’ block.
+ - Place the second ‘**pause**’ block just below the ‘**clear screen**’ block.
+
+
+
+```blocks
+basic.forever(function () {
+    if (input.acceleration(Dimension.Z) < -700) {
+        let TimeStarted = 0
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            # . . . .
+            # . . . .
+            # # # # .
+            # . . # .
+            # . . # .
+            `)
+        if (input.runningTime() - TimeStarted > 10000) {
+            for (let index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
+                basic.showLeds(`
+                    . . # . .
+                    . # # # .
+                    # . # . #
+                    . . # . .
+                    . . # . .
+                    `)
+                basic.pause(100)
+                basic.clearScreen()
+                basic.pause(100)
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            . . # . .
+            # # # # #
+            . . # . .
+            . # . # .
+            . # . # .
+            `)
+        basic.pause(100)
+        basic.clearScreen()
+        basic.pause(100)
+    }
+})
+```
+
+In addition to this flashing image, let’s add a message!
+
+6. From the Basic Toolbox: Get and place a ‘**show string**’ block below the ‘**repeat**’ loop block.
+ - Write a short message reminding the user to stand up!
+ - When the user stands up, they will see the person standing image.
+ - In case the user sits back down again, we need to reset the **TimeStarted** variable to the current program runtime.
+ - From the Variables Toolbox: Get and place a ‘**set TimeStarted**’ block just below the image of the person standing in the else section of the code.
+ - From the Input…more Toolbox: Get and place a ‘**running time(ms)**’ block into the right side of the ‘**set TimeStarted**’ block.
+
+Note: You can also manually restart the program each time you sit back down by pressing the micro:bit’s reset button or by turning the battery pack on and off (if your battery pack has an on/off switch.)
+
+
+## Complete program
+
+Here is the complete Stand Up! program:
+
+```blocks
+let TimeStarted = 0
+basic.forever(function () {
+    if (input.acceleration(Dimension.Z) < -700) {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            # . . . .
+            # . . . .
+            # # # # .
+            # . . # .
+            # . . # .
+            `)
+        if (input.runningTime() - TimeStarted > 10000) {
+            for (let index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
+                basic.showLeds(`
+                    . . # . .
+                    . # # # .
+                    # . # . #
+                    . . # . .
+                    . . # . .
+                    `)
+                basic.pause(100)
+                basic.clearScreen()
+                basic.pause(100)
+            }
+            basic.showString("Stand Up!!")
+        }
+    } else {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            . . # . .
+            # # # # #
+            . . # . .
+            . # . # .
+            . # . # .
+            `)
+        basic.pause(100)
+        basic.clearScreen()
+        basic.pause(100)
+        TimeStarted = input.runningTime()
+    }
+})
+```
+
+Solution link: [https://makecode.microbit.org/S25983-43564-75646-69984]()
+
+## Knowledge Check
+
+**Questions:**
+
+1. What does velocity measure?
+2. What does acceleration measure?
+3. In the **Stand for Health!** activity, what did the TimeStarted block measure?
+4. Using pseudocode, describe what these code blocks do.
+
+```blocks
+basic.forever(function () {
+    if (input.acceleration(Dimension.X) < -700) {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            # . . . .
+            # . . . .
+            # # # # .
+            # . . # .
+            # . . # .
+            `)
+    } else {
+        basic.showLeds(`
+            . . # . .
+            # # # # #
+            . . # . .
+            . # . # .
+            . # . # .
+            `)
+    }
+})
+```
+
+**Answers:**
+
+1. Velocity measures how fast an object’s position is changing over time, in both speed and direction.
+2. Acceleration measures an object’s change in velocity.
+3. The TimeStarted block measured the number of milliseconds that had passed since the start of the program.
+4. If the micro:bit is lying flat, the screen will display a chair. If its position changes from lying flat, it will show a person standing.

docs/test/courses/csintro/accelerometer/overview.md

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+# Introduction
+
+An accelerometer is a device that measures acceleration. Acceleration is itself a measure of how an object’s velocity changes. 
+Velocity describes an object’s current speed in a particular direction. For example, you could describe the velocity of a car as “headed north at 50 mph”.
+
+![Acceleration Example](/test/static/courses/csintro/accelerometer/velocity.png)
+
+Acceleration is a measure of the rate at which the car’s speed and/or direction changes.
+In all these cases an acceleration occurs:
+
+* **Direction change**: The car speed continues at 50 mph, yet the car turns to travel in a northeast direction
+* **Speed change**: The car speed changes to 45 mph and the car continues heading north
+* **Speed and direction change**: The car speed changes to 65 mph and the car turns to travel in a northeast direction
+
+**Acceleration** is **a measure of the rate of these changes over time**.
+
+Note that whether the car speeds up or slows down, an acceleration occurs. Acceleration doesn't only happen when something speeds up!
+
+![High Velocity Low Acceleration Example](/test/static/courses/csintro/accelerometer/highvelocitylowaccel.png)
+![Low Velocity High Acceleration Example](/test/static/courses/csintro/accelerometer/lowvelocityhighaccel.png)
+
+You measure acceleration with the *milli-g*, which is **1/1000 of a g**. A *g* is as much acceleration as you get from Earth’s gravity.
+
+The micro:bit measures the acceleration value (*milli g-force*) in **one of three dimensions** or the combined force in **all directions (x, y, and z)**.
+
+When the micro:bit is flat on a table with the screen pointing up, the gravity force is aligned with the Z axis of the micro:bit.
+
+![Three Axes Illustration](/test/static/courses/csintro/accelerometer/lowvelocityhighaccel.png)
+
+If you tilt it up and down, the force will align with the Y axis; this is how we can detect tilting! As the force along Y grows, the micro:bit is tilting more and more vertically.
+
+### Parameters
+
+* **dimension**: The direction you are checking for acceleration or the total strength of force
+* **x**: Acceleration in the left and right direction
+* **y**: Acceleration in the forward and backward direction
+* **z**: Acceleration in the up and down direction
+* **strength**: the resulting strength of acceleration from all three dimensions (directions)
+
+The micro:bit’s accelerometer also measures how fast the micro:bit is speeding up or slowing down as it moves through space.
+
+### Output
+
+The accelerometer feature returns a number that represents the amount of acceleration.
+
+For example: When the micro:bit is lying flat on a surface with the screen pointing up:
+
+**x** is 0
+**y** is 0
+**z** is -1023
+**strength** is 1023
+
+On the back of the micro:bit, look closely in the lower left corner for the accelerometer.
+
+![Accelerometer](/test/static/courses/csintro/accelerometer/accelerometer.png)
+