v10.1.0-beta+6U98 'Krypton' (5 May 2022)
Inform 7 (April 2006-) is a programming language for creating interactive fiction, using natural language syntax. Using natural language and drawing on ideas from linguistics and from literate programming, Inform is widely used as a medium for literary writing, as a prototyping tool in the games industry, and in education, both at school and university level (where Inform is often assigned material for courses on digital narrative). It has several times ranked in the top 100 most influential programming languages according to the TIOBE index.
Inform is itself a literate program, one of the largest in the world. This means that a complete presentation of the code, in human-readable form, is continuously maintained alongside the code itself. So to read this, along with technical documentation and other useful resources, turn to the companion web page to this repository: ★ Inform: The Program
Writing and presenting Inform as a literate program was beyond the capabilities of existing LP software, so a new system for LP called Inweb has been spun off from Inform, and that has its own repository.
Except as noted, copyright in material in this repository (the "Package") is held by Graham Nelson (the "Author"), who retains copyright so that there is a single point of reference. As from the first date of this repository becoming public, 28 April 2022, the Package is placed under the Artistic License 2.0. This is a highly permissive licence, used by Perl among other notable projects, recognised by the Open Source Initiative as open and by the Free Software Foundation as free in both senses.
For the avoidance of doubt, the Author makes the further grant that users of the Package may make unlimited use of story files produced by the Package: such story files are not derivative works of Inform and do not inherit the Artistic License 2.0 as an obligation. (This further grant follows the practice of projects like bison, which also copy substantial code into their outputs.)
A condition of any pull-request being made (i.e., to make suggested amendments to this software) is that, if the request is accepted, copyright on any contribution made by it immediately transfers to the project's copyright-holder, Graham Nelson. This is in order that there can be clear ownership. It does not apply to the programs duplicated here from other repositories (such as dumb-frotz) or to the Inform GUI apps: those have their own copyrights and licences.
This is the "core repository", holding source code for the compiler, and for everything needed to run it on the command line. However:
- To build and test the compiler you also need Inweb and Intest, programs
spun out from the Inform project. These are not included in the core
repository either as submodules or copies, and have their own repositories.
- https://github.com/ganelson/inweb, maintained by Graham Nelson
- https://github.com/ganelson/intest, maintained by Graham Nelson
- Most Inform authors use Inform as an app: for example, it is available
on the Mac App Store. While much of the UI design is the same across all
platforms, each app has its own code in its own repository. See:
- https://github.com/TobyLobster/Inform for MacOS, maintained by Toby Nelson
- https://github.com/DavidKinder/Windows-Inform7 for Windows, maintained by David Kinder
- https://github.com/ptomato/inform7-ide for Linux, maintained by Philip Chimento
Make a directory in which to work: let's call this "work". Then:
- Change the current directory to "work": "cd work"
- Build Inweb as "work/inweb": see its repository here
- Build Intest as "work/intest": see its repository here
- Clone Inform as "work/inform": "git clone https://github.com/ganelson/inform.git"
- Change the current directory to this: "cd inform"
- Run a first-build script: "bash scripts/first.sh"
- Check executables have compiled: "inblorb/Tangled/inblorb -help"
- Run a single test case: "../intest/Tangled/intest inform7 -show Acidity".
If that passes, probably all is well. The definitive test is "make check", which runs nearly 2500 cases through the executables, but takes 10 minutes on an 8-core desktop and half an hour on a 4-core laptop (which will sound something like a helicopter taking off).
Current status: All tests should pass on Linux, MacOS and Windows.
The old Inform bug tracker, powered by Mantis, has now closed, and its issues and comments have been migrated to the new one, powered by Jira and hosted at the Atlassian website.
The curator of the bug tracker is Brian Rushton, and the administrator is Hugo Labrande.
Note that Inweb and Intest have their own bug trackers (here and here). Please do not report bugs on those to the Inform tracker, or vice versa.
Inform is only just emerging into the light of being open-source, but it is not new software. It has a mature and well-used feature set, so that new or changed functionality requires careful thought. For the moment, its future direction remains in the hands of the original author. At some point a more formal process may emerge, but for now community discussion of possible features is best kept to the IF forum. In particular, please do not use the bug trackers to propose new features.
Pull requests adding functionality or making any significant changes are therefore not likely to be accepted from non-members of the Inform team without prior agreement, unless they are clear-cut bug fixes or corrections of typos, broken links, or similar. See also the note about copyright above.
The Inform licence is highly permissive, and forks which develop in quite different ways are entirely within the rules. (But one of the few requirements of the Artistic Licence is that such forks be given a name which is not simply "Inform 7", to avoid confusion.)
"I can't help feeling that if someone had asked me before the universe began how it would turn out, I should have guessed something a bit less like an old curiosity shop and a bit more like a formal French garden - an orderly arrangement of straight avenues, circular walks, and geometrically shaped trees and hedges." (Michael Frayn)
Inform is not a single program, but an assemblage of programs and resources. Some, including the inform7 compiler itself, are "literate programs", also called "webs". The notation ★ marks these, and links are provided to their human-readable forms.
This most important contents of this repository are the source webs for the following command-line tools:
- inbuild - version 10.1.0 - ★ Web - ▶ Documentation
A simple build and package manager for the Inform tools. - inform7 - version 10.1.0 - ★ Web - ▶ Documentation
The core compiler in a natural-language design system for interactive fiction. - inter - version 10.1.0 - ★ Web - ▶ Documentation
For handling intermediate Inform code. - inblorb - version 4 - ★ Web - ▶ Documentation
The packaging stage of the Inform 7 system, which releases a story file in the blorbed format. - indoc - version 4 - ★ Web - ▶ Documentation
The documentation-formatter for the Inform 7 system. - inpolicy - version 1 - ★ Web - ▶ Documentation
A lint-like tool to check up on various policies used in Inform source code. - inrtps - version 2 - ★ Web - ▶ Documentation
A generator of HTML pages to show for run-time problem messages in Inform.
The following webs are the source for kits of Inter code shipped with Inform (at the subtree inform7/Internal/Inter). Kits are libraries of code needed at run-time, and whose source is written in Inform 6 notation:
- BasicInformKit - Support for Inform as a programming language - ★ Web
- WorldModelKit - Support for modelling space, time and actions in interactive fiction - ★ Web
- EnglishLanguageKit - Support for English as the natural language used - ★ Web
- CommandParserKit - Support for parsing turn-by-turn commands in interactive fiction - ★ Web
- BasicInformExtrasKit - Additional support needed only if the Standard Rules are not used - ★ Web
The following webs are the source for the two most important extensions shipped with Inform:
Other extensions shipped with Inform are not presented as webs, but as single files:
- Basic Help Menu by Emily Short - v1
- Basic Screen Effects by Emily Short - v8
- Complex Listing by Emily Short - v9
- Glulx Entry Points by Emily Short - v11
- Glulx Image Centering by Emily Short - v4
- Glulx Text Effects by Emily Short - v6
- Inanimate Listeners by Emily Short - v1
- Locksmith by Emily Short - v13
- Menus by Emily Short - v3
- Punctuation Removal by Emily Short - v5
- Skeleton Keys by Emily Short - v1
- Epistemology by Eric Eve - v9
- Approximate Metric Units by Graham Nelson - v1
- English Language by Graham Nelson - v1
- Metric Units by Graham Nelson - v2
- Rideable Vehicles by Graham Nelson - v3
- Unicode Character Names by Graham Nelson - v1
- Unicode Full Character Names by Graham Nelson - v1
These are templates used by Inform to release story files within a website:
These are Javascript interpreters used to release such websites in a form which can play the story files interactively online:
- inform7/Internal/Templates - Template websites for Inform 7's 'release as a website' feature
- inform7/Internal/Templates/Parchment - Z-machine in Javascript - Parchment for Inform 7 (2022.4) - from [https://github.com/curiousdannii/parchment], maintained by Dannii Willis
- inform7/Internal/Templates/Quixe - Glulx in Javascript - Quixe for Inform 7 (v. 2.2.0) - from [https://github.com/erkyrath/quixe], maintained by Andrew Plotkin
Two books come with the Inform apps. The source code for these books is in indoc format: the indoc tool makes those into ePubs, mini-websites, or the pseudo-websites inside the apps.
- Changes to Inform - A detailed change history of Inform 7. Ebook in Indoc format, stored at path resources/Changes.
- Writing with Inform and the Inform Recipe Book - The main Inform documentation, as seen in the apps, and in standalone Epubs. Ebook in Indoc format, stored at path resources/Documentation.
In addition, there are:
- resources/Outcome Pages - Inrtps uses these to generate HTML outcome pages (such as those showing Problem messages in the app)
- resources/Sample Projects - Two small interactive fictions, 'Disenchantment Bay' and 'Onyx', presented as samples in the app
New in 2022 is the ability for apps to use past instead of present versions of the core Inform software when compiling a project. This means the core software distribution needs to contain some form of those past versions - at minimum, the extensions and compiler tools for (say) versions 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3.
That material is held in the "retrospective" directory. Note that documentation from past versions (e.g., past versions of "Writing with Inform") is not included.
Stable versions of the following are periodically copied into this repository, but this is not where development on them is done, and no pull requests will be accepted. (Note that these are not git submodules.)
-
inform6 - The Inform 6 compiler (used by I7 as a code generator). - 1636 - from [https://github.com/DavidKinder/Inform6], maintained by David Kinder
- inform6/Tests/Assistants/dumb-frotz - A dumb-terminal Z-machine interpreter. - unversioned: modified from Alembic Petrofsky's 1998 Teletype port of Frotz
- inform6/Tests/Assistants/dumb-glulx/glulxe - A dumb-terminal Glulx interpreter. - 0.5.4 - erkyrath/glulxe, maintained by Andrew Plotkin
- inform6/Tests/Assistants/dumb-glulx/cheapglk - A basic Glk implementation to support dumb-glulxe. - 1.0.6. - erkyrath/cheapglk, maintained by Andrew Plotkin
-
inblorb/Tests/Assistants/blorblib - Code for examining blorb files, including blorbscan, used here for validating inblorb's output in tests. - version 1.0.2 - by Andrew Plotkin, but not currently elsewhere on Github
- resources/Imagery/app_images - icons for the Inform app and its many associated files, in MacOS format
- resources/Imagery/bg_images - background textures used in the Index generated by Inform
- resources/Imagery/doc_images - miscellaneous images needed by the documentation
- resources/Imagery/map_icons - images needed for the World pane of the Index generated by Inform
- resources/Imagery/outcome_images - images used on outcome pages
- resources/Imagery/scene_icons - images needed for the Scenes pane of the Index generated by Inform
- resources/Internal/Miscellany - default cover art, the Introduction to IF and Postcard PDFs
- docs - Woven forms of the webs, for serving by GitHub Pages
- scripts/inform.giscript - Inweb uses this to generate the .gitignore file at the root of the repository
- scripts/inform.mkscript - Inweb uses this to generate the makefile at the root of the repository
- scripts/inform.rmscript - Inweb uses this to generate the README.md file you are now reading
This README.mk file was generated automatically by Inweb, and should not be edited. To make changes, edit inform.rmscript and re-generate.