DAOS-16833 cq: update GHA ubuntu

[daltonbohning]

Update mantic (EOL) to oracular.
Update 22.04 LTS to 24.04 LTS.

Skip-build: true

Required-githooks: true

Before requesting gatekeeper:

• Two review approvals and any prior change requests have been resolved.
• Testing is complete and all tests passed or there is a reason documented in the PR why it should be force landed and forced-landing tag is set.
• Features: (or Test-tag*) commit pragma was used or there is a reason documented that there are no appropriate tags for this PR.
• Commit messages follows the guidelines outlined here.
• Any tests skipped by the ticket being addressed have been run and passed in the PR.

Gatekeeper:

• You are the appropriate gatekeeper to be landing the patch.
• The PR has 2 reviews by people familiar with the code, including appropriate owners.
• Githooks were used. If not, request that user install them and check copyright dates.
• Checkpatch issues are resolved. Pay particular attention to ones that will show up on future PRs.
• All builds have passed. Check non-required builds for any new compiler warnings.
• Sufficient testing is done. Check feature pragmas and test tags and that tests skipped for the ticket are run and now pass with the changes.
• If applicable, the PR has addressed any potential version compatibility issues.
• Check the target branch. If it is master branch, should the PR go to a feature branch? If it is a release branch, does it have merge approval in the JIRA ticket.
• Extra checks if forced landing is requested
  • Review comments are sufficiently resolved, particularly by prior reviewers that requested changes.
  • No new NLT or valgrind warnings. Check the classic view.
  • Quick-build or Quick-functional is not used.
• Fix the commit message upon landing. Check the standard here. Edit it to create a single commit. If necessary, ask submitter for a new summary.

[github-actions]

Ticket title is 'GHA: update ubuntu mantic to oracular'
Status is 'In Progress'
https://daosio.atlassian.net/browse/DAOS-16833