Merge pull request #76 from mandli/add-hugo

Add Hurricane Hugo

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+# MacOS
+.DS_store
+
 # Bathymetry
 *.tt3
 *.xyz
@@ -9,6 +12,7 @@
 *.lo
 *.o
 *.obj
+__pycache__
 
 # Precompiled Headers
 *.gch
@@ -32,3 +36,14 @@
 *.exe
 *.out
 *.app
+
+# Clawpack
+*.data
+*.storm
+pyclaw.log
+.output
+.plots
+.data
+_output
+_plots
+xgeoclaw

hugo_1989/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+
+# Makefile for Clawpack code in this directory.
+# This version only sets the local files and frequently changed
+# options, and then includes the standard makefile pointed to by CLAWMAKE.
+CLAWMAKE = $(CLAW)/clawutil/src/Makefile.common
+
+# See the above file for details and a list of make options, or type
+#   make .help
+# at the unix prompt.
+
+
+# Adjust these variables if desired:
+# ----------------------------------
+
+CLAW_PKG = geoclaw                  # Clawpack package to use
+EXE = xgeoclaw                 # Executable to create
+SETRUN_FILE = setrun.py        # File containing function to make data
+OUTDIR = _output               # Directory for output
+SETPLOT_FILE = setplot.py      # File containing function to set plots
+PLOTDIR = _plots               # Directory for plots
+
+# Environment variable FC should be set to fortran compiler, e.g. gfortran
+# FFLAGS ?=
+# FFLAGS = -w -fallow-argument-mismatch -O2
+# FFLAGS += -DNETCDF -I$(NETCDF4_DIR)/include -L$(NETCDF4_DIR)/lib -lnetcdff -lnetcdf
+# LFLAGS += $(FFLAGS) -L$(NETCDF4_DIR)/lib
+
+# ---------------------------------
+# package sources for this program:
+# ---------------------------------
+
+GEOLIB = $(CLAW)/geoclaw/src/2d/shallow
+include $(GEOLIB)/Makefile.geoclaw
+
+# ---------------------------------------
+# package sources specifically to exclude
+# (i.e. if a custom replacement source 
+#  under a different name is provided)
+# ---------------------------------------
+
+EXCLUDE_MODULES = \
+
+EXCLUDE_SOURCES = \
+
+# ----------------------------------------
+# List of custom sources for this program:
+# ----------------------------------------
+
+RIEMANN = $(CLAW)/riemann/src
+
+MODULES = \
+
+SOURCES = \
+  $(RIEMANN)/rpn2_geoclaw.f \
+  $(RIEMANN)/rpt2_geoclaw.f \
+  $(RIEMANN)/geoclaw_riemann_utils.f \
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Include Makefile containing standard definitions and make options:
+include $(CLAWMAKE)
+
+### DO NOT remove this line - make depends on it ###

hugo_1989/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Hurricane Hugo Validation Study
+
+## Introduction
+
+Hurricane Hugo was a category 5 storm that developed in the Atlantic during the
+1989 season. It traveled west to the Caribbean, hitting Puerto Rico and
+surrounding islands September 18, 1989. At 4:00 UTC (or midnight EST) on
+September 22, 1989, Hurricane Hugo made its final landfall as a category 4
+hurricane in Sullivan’s Island, SC, a barrier island just north of Charleston.
+The storm’s winds reached 140 mph and a minimum central pressure of 27.58
+inches Hg. This caused tremendous damage along the South Carolina coast and
+surrounding areas, making Hugo the costliest U.S. storm with damages totaling
+$7 billion. There were 49 deaths related to the storm. Hurricane Hugo produced
+the highest storm tide heights on the American East Coast in recorded history.
+
+Source: https://www.weather.gov/chs/HurricaneHugo-Sep1989
+
+## Storm Data
+
+Data to run the simulation was retrieved from NOAA’s storm data archive:
+http://ftp.nhc.noaa.gov/atcf/archive/2017/bal111989.dat.gz
+
+As this hurricane occurred in 1989, there are missing pieces of data necessary
+for this simulation that were not recorded in the storm data file. This missing
+data was extracted using a separate Python script containing functions that
+relate known data to these unknowns.
+
+## Topography/Bathymetry Data
+
+A topography data file for the entire Atlantic was used for this simulation.  It
+is recommended that you fetch a topography file that covers the computational
+domain from GEBCO to your desired resolution.
+
+Domain - (90 W, 60 W) Longitude
+         (15 N, 40 N) Latitude
+
+Source: https://download.gebco.net/
+
+## Geoclaw setup
+* Landfall: September 22, 1989 4:00 UTC
+* Maximum levels of refinement: 4
+
+Extra refinement was added around the gauges to account for detailed topography along the coast.
+* Gauge 1: min 4, max 6
+* Gauge 2: min 8, max 8
+* Gauge 3: min 4, max 6
+
+## Comparison Data
+
+Water levels from three gauges in the area of Hurricane Hugo’s impact were
+compared to the simulation’s results. Gauge data was taken from the NOAA
+inundations dashboard: https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/inundationdb/ 
+
+The data had to be manually downloaded from the dashboard and uploaded into the
+script due to its age. The folder titled ‘gauges’ houses data for the three
+gauges, under their NOAA IDs.
+
+Gauge 1: Charleston, SC
+* NOAA ID: 8665530
+* Location: -79.92351, 32.7806818
+* Max Surge: ~3m
+
+Gauge 2: Wilmington, NC
+* NOAA ID: 8658120
+* Location: -77.9534709, 34.2274321
+* Max Surge: ~1m
+
+Gauge 3: Duke Marine Lab, NC
+* NOAA ID: 8656483
+* Location: -76.6699314, 34.7200556
+* Max Surge: ~1m
+
+## Results
+
+The simulation returns data for gauges 1 and 3. The general timing and height of
+the surge match for these gauges. The model predicts the surge occurring a bit
+before the actual surge both times, but this is likely due to estimations in
+the landfall time rather than a modeling error. There is insufficient
+refinement for gauge 2. This gauge is located deep into the Cape Fear River, so
+higher refinement levels are necessary for the model to accurately estimate
+this detailed topography.
+
+There were simplifications taken in extracting the missing storm data, but they
+did not significantly affect accuracy. Added extra refinement around the gauges
+worked 2 of out 3 times without a loss of efficiency.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+The model ran using estimations of missing data without significant loss of
+accuracy. The model was able to refine areas with detailed topography while
+maintaining efficiency to an extent.
+
+## Future Work
+
+Next steps include running the simulation with higher refinement levels and
+modifying the model to account for river topography. The estimation of missing
+storm data can be extended to create fully synthetic storms. We can use these
+storms to model effects due to climate change by running them through this
+software.
+
+This study was completed by Riley Fisher as a part of the Columbia-Amazon Summer
+Undergraduate Research Experience (2022).

hugo_1989/gauges/8656483_data.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+Date,Time (GMT),Predicted (m),Verified (m),Preliminary (m),Forecast Guidance(m)
+1989/09/20,04:00,1.617,1.615,-,-
+1989/09/20,05:00,1.527,1.515,-,-
+1989/09/20,06:00,1.312,1.32,-,-
+1989/09/20,07:00,1.058,1.152,-,-
+1989/09/20,08:00,0.834,0.939,-,-
+1989/09/20,09:00,0.679,0.759,-,-
+1989/09/20,10:00,0.631,0.71,-,-
+1989/09/20,11:00,0.715,0.741,-,-
+1989/09/20,12:00,0.915,0.92,-,-
+1989/09/20,13:00,1.184,1.116,-,-
+1989/09/20,14:00,1.463,1.369,-,-
+1989/09/20,15:00,1.693,1.597,-,-
+1989/09/20,16:00,1.832,1.734,-,-
+1989/09/20,17:00,1.838,1.728,-,-
+1989/09/20,18:00,1.699,1.591,-,-
+1989/09/20,19:00,1.474,1.372,-,-
+1989/09/20,20:00,1.237,1.158,-,-
+1989/09/20,21:00,1.02,0.945,-,-
+1989/09/20,22:00,0.854,0.814,-,-
+1989/09/20,23:00,0.784,0.771,-,-
+1989/09/21,00:00,0.83,0.786,-,-
+1989/09/21,01:00,0.976,0.908,-,-
+1989/09/21,02:00,1.178,1.094,-,-
+1989/09/21,03:00,1.378,1.308,-,-
+1989/09/21,04:00,1.523,1.466,-,-
+1989/09/21,05:00,1.565,1.497,-,-
+1989/09/21,06:00,1.469,1.381,-,-
+1989/09/21,07:00,1.271,1.192,-,-
+1989/09/21,08:00,1.055,1.018,-,-
+1989/09/21,09:00,0.868,0.856,-,-
+1989/09/21,10:00,0.732,0.725,-,-
+1989/09/21,11:00,0.686,0.686,-,-
+1989/09/21,12:00,0.757,0.756,-,-
+1989/09/21,13:00,0.935,0.914,-,-
+1989/09/21,14:00,1.181,1.134,-,-
+1989/09/21,15:00,1.439,1.372,-,-
+1989/09/21,16:00,1.654,1.57,-,-
+1989/09/21,17:00,1.783,1.713,-,-
+1989/09/21,18:00,1.783,1.728,-,-
+1989/09/21,19:00,1.657,1.643,-,-
+1989/09/21,20:00,1.468,1.478,-,-
+1989/09/21,21:00,1.269,1.326,-,-
+1989/09/21,22:00,1.071,1.219,-,-
+1989/09/21,23:00,0.905,1.131,-,-
+1989/09/22,00:00,0.825,1.076,-,-
+1989/09/22,01:00,0.854,1.097,-,-
+1989/09/22,02:00,0.982,1.219,-,-
+1989/09/22,03:00,1.168,1.42,-,-
+1989/09/22,04:00,1.355,1.625,-,-
+1989/09/22,05:00,1.49,1.75,-,-
+1989/09/22,06:00,1.524,1.792,-,-
+1989/09/22,07:00,1.434,1.74,-,-
+1989/09/22,08:00,1.265,1.551,-,-
+1989/09/22,09:00,1.085,1.359,-,-
+1989/09/22,10:00,0.919,1.186,-,-
+1989/09/22,11:00,0.783,0.969,-,-
+1989/09/22,12:00,0.727,0.96,-,-
+1989/09/22,13:00,0.781,1.03,-,-
+1989/09/22,14:00,0.94,1.061,-,-
+1989/09/22,15:00,1.168,1.122,-,-
+1989/09/22,16:00,1.409,1.314,-,-
+1989/09/22,17:00,1.611,1.533,-,-
+1989/09/22,18:00,1.729,1.713,-,-
+1989/09/22,19:00,1.732,1.622,-,-
+1989/09/22,20:00,1.63,1.558,-,-
+1989/09/22,21:00,1.476,1.411,-,-
+1989/09/22,22:00,1.299,1.225,-,-
+1989/09/22,23:00,1.103,1.018,-,-
+1989/09/23,00:00,0.931,0.911,-,-
+1989/09/23,01:00,0.842,0.878,-,-
+1989/09/23,02:00,0.862,0.835,-,-
+1989/09/23,03:00,0.983,0.863,-,-
+1989/09/23,04:00,1.162,1.049,-,-

hugo_1989/gauges/8658120_data.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+Date,Time (GMT),Predicted (m),Verified (m),Preliminary (m),Forecast Guidance(m)
+1989/09/20,04:00,1.915,1.792,-,-
+1989/09/20,05:00,2.059,1.963,-,-
+1989/09/20,06:00,2.095,2.015,-,-
+1989/09/20,07:00,1.987,1.932,-,-
+1989/09/20,08:00,1.741,1.689,-,-
+1989/09/20,09:00,1.438,1.399,-,-
+1989/09/20,10:00,1.152,1.155,-,-
+1989/09/20,11:00,0.922,0.942,-,-
+1989/09/20,12:00,0.78,0.796,-,-
+1989/09/20,13:00,0.816,0.747,-,-
+1989/09/20,14:00,1.115,1.094,-,-
+1989/09/20,15:00,1.569,1.551,-,-
+1989/09/20,16:00,1.943,1.881,-,-
+1989/09/20,17:00,2.155,2.085,-,-
+1989/09/20,18:00,2.26,2.222,-,-
+1989/09/20,19:00,2.255,2.252,-,-
+1989/09/20,20:00,2.113,2.088,-,-
+1989/09/20,21:00,1.877,1.798,-,-
+1989/09/20,22:00,1.61,1.524,-,-
+1989/09/20,23:00,1.344,1.289,-,-
+1989/09/21,00:00,1.093,1.079,-,-
+1989/09/21,01:00,0.924,0.911,-,-
+1989/09/21,02:00,0.973,0.896,-,-
+1989/09/21,03:00,1.266,1.219,-,-
+1989/09/21,04:00,1.617,1.6,-,-
+1989/09/21,05:00,1.861,1.844,-,-
+1989/09/21,06:00,2,1.987,-,-
+1989/09/21,07:00,2.041,2.024,-,-
+1989/09/21,08:00,1.931,1.917,-,-
+1989/09/21,09:00,1.689,1.661,-,-
+1989/09/21,10:00,1.403,1.387,-,-
+1989/09/21,11:00,1.147,1.152,-,-
+1989/09/21,12:00,0.946,0.96,-,-
+1989/09/21,13:00,0.824,0.823,-,-
+1989/09/21,14:00,0.87,0.844,-,-
+1989/09/21,15:00,1.159,1.164,-,-
+1989/09/21,16:00,1.57,1.527,-,-
+1989/09/21,17:00,1.897,1.798,-,-
+1989/09/21,18:00,2.094,1.987,-,-
+1989/09/21,19:00,2.208,2.109,-,-
+1989/09/21,20:00,2.21,2.118,-,-
+1989/09/21,21:00,2.074,2.012,-,-
+1989/09/21,22:00,1.854,1.814,-,-
+1989/09/21,23:00,1.612,1.6,-,-
+1989/09/22,00:00,1.369,1.433,-,-
+1989/09/22,01:00,1.126,1.234,-,-
+1989/09/22,02:00,0.957,1.143,-,-
+1989/09/22,03:00,1.001,1.28,-,-
+1989/09/22,04:00,1.27,1.737,-,-
+1989/09/22,05:00,1.581,2.103,-,-
+1989/09/22,06:00,1.808,2.362,-,-
+1989/09/22,07:00,1.957,2.56,-,-
+1989/09/22,08:00,2.007,2.667,-,-
+1989/09/22,09:00,1.897,2.667,-,-
+1989/09/22,10:00,1.662,2.423,-,-
+1989/09/22,11:00,1.398,2.118,-,-
+1989/09/22,12:00,1.17,1.875,-,-
+1989/09/22,13:00,0.985,1.731,-,-
+1989/09/22,14:00,0.863,1.597,-,-
+1989/09/22,15:00,0.903,1.46,-,-
+1989/09/22,16:00,1.173,1.396,-,-
+1989/09/22,17:00,1.546,1.64,-,-
+1989/09/22,18:00,1.841,1.945,-,-
+1989/09/22,19:00,2.04,2.07,-,-
+1989/09/22,20:00,2.168,2.213,-,-
+1989/09/22,21:00,2.175,2.277,-,-
+1989/09/22,22:00,2.043,2.185,-,-
+1989/09/22,23:00,1.839,1.926,-,-
+1989/09/23,00:00,1.619,1.658,-,-
+1989/09/23,01:00,1.388,1.445,-,-
+1989/09/23,02:00,1.14,1.262,-,-
+1989/09/23,03:00,0.961,1.097,-,-
+1989/09/23,04:00,1,1.039,-,-