diff --git a/cmd/roles/roles.go b/cmd/roles/roles.go
index ff0c498c0369f..4698ede3259ad 100644
--- a/cmd/roles/roles.go
+++ b/cmd/roles/roles.go
@@ -347,6 +347,11 @@ func (mr *MilvusRoles) Run() {
 
 	mr.printLDPreLoad()
 
+	// start milvus thread watcher to update actual thread number metrics
+	thw := internalmetrics.NewThreadWatcher()
+	thw.Start()
+	defer thw.Stop()
+
 	// only standalone enable localMsg
 	if mr.Local {
 		if err := os.Setenv(metricsinfo.DeployModeEnvKey, metricsinfo.StandaloneDeployMode); err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/util/metrics/thread.go b/internal/util/metrics/thread.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..6c3219b6adc47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/util/metrics/thread.go
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// Licensed to the LF AI & Data foundation under one
+// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package metrics
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/process"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/milvus-io/milvus/pkg/log"
+	"github.com/milvus-io/milvus/pkg/metrics"
+)
+
+// theadWatcher is the utiltiy to update milvus process thread number metrics.
+// the os thread number metrics is not accurate since it only returns thread number used by golang "normal" runtime
+// and the crucial threads number in cpp side is not included.
+type threadWatcher struct {
+	startOnce sync.Once
+	stopOnce  sync.Once
+	wg        sync.WaitGroup
+	ch        chan struct{}
+}
+
+func NewThreadWatcher() *threadWatcher {
+	return &threadWatcher{
+		ch: make(chan struct{}),
+	}
+}
+
+func (thw *threadWatcher) Start() {
+	thw.startOnce.Do(func() {
+		thw.wg.Add(1)
+		go func() {
+			defer thw.wg.Done()
+			thw.watchThreadNum()
+		}()
+	})
+}
+
+func (thw *threadWatcher) watchThreadNum() {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Second * 30)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	pid := os.Getpid()
+	p, err := process.NewProcess(int32(pid))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warn("thread watcher failed to get milvus process info, quit", zap.Int("pid", pid), zap.Error(err))
+		return
+	}
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			threadNum, err := p.NumThreads()
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Warn("thread watcher failed to get process", zap.Int("pid", pid), zap.Error(err))
+				continue
+			}
+			log.Debug("thread watcher observe thread num", zap.Int32("threadNum", threadNum))
+			metrics.ThreadNum.Set(float64(threadNum))
+		case <-thw.ch:
+			log.Info("thread watcher exit")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (thw *threadWatcher) Stop() {
+	thw.stopOnce.Do(func() {
+		close(thw.ch)
+		thw.wg.Wait()
+	})
+}